Muhammad Abduh’s Rational Hermeneutics and Its Implications for Islamic Legal Reform
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/al-daulah.v14i1.56526Kata Kunci:
Islamic legal reform, rational hermeneutics, ijtihadAbstrak
The paper attempts to investigate Shaykh Muhammad Abduh’s (1849-1905) ideas on social interpretation by systematically analyzing his extensive works on tafsir, i.e., Tafsir al-Manar (The Manar Commentary) and Tafsir Juz ‘Amma (the Commentary of Juz ‘Amma). His social ideas and framework were also developed in his other scientific and theological works, such as Al-Islam wa al-Nasraniyyah Ma‘a al-‘Ilm wa’l-Madaniyyah (Islam and Christianity in Relation to Science and Civilization), Risalat al-Tawhid (Treatise on the Unity of God), Journal al-Manar (the Lighthouse) and other important literary works and prolific writings of Muhammad ‘Abduh. The principal themes discussed in this work concentrated on Muhammad Abduh’s social philosophy, and his contributions to science and modernity, as well as his ethico-legal principle and scientific interpretation of the Qur’an. It also discussed his influence on the modern Egypt and its important impact in the enlightening and reforming of modern Islam. The method of study is qualitative (narrative) in nature based on literature survey. The study significantly arrived at considerable result which demonstrates that Abduh’s primary contribution to social ideas is to Islamize its dynamic character and foundation based on modern Islamic worldview. This was significantly illustrated in his endeavor to present socio-ethical and scientific commentary of the Qur’an which focused on the primacy of ‘aql (intellect) and reason, unleashing his rational understanding of the text, and contributing to the revival of social and scientific thought, the freedom of ideas (taharrur) and dynamic religious worldview.
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