The Position of the Wife as the Primary Breadwinner in the Division of Joint Property
A Legal Review of Decision No. 2388/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Im
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/al-risalah.vi.61691Keywords:
Joint Property, Primary Breadwinner, Islamic Family Law, Substantive justiceAbstract
The shifting role of wives as primary breadwinners within families has become increasingly evident, yet this reality remains insufficiently recognized in the division of joint property upon divorce. Article 97 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), which mandates equal division, often fails to reflect actual economic contributions, particularly when the wife plays a dominant financial role. Addressing this gap, this normative legal research adopts a qualitative approach through a literature study, utilizing primary legal sources (court decisions, the Marriage Law, KHI, the Qur’an, Hadith, and fiqh principles) and secondary sources (fiqh texts, legal theories, and academic journals). The findings from the Religious Court Decision of Indramayu No. 2388/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Im show that the judges took a progressive stance by allocating 60% of the joint property to the wife and 40% to the husband, though the proportion still falls short of representing the wife’s significant economic contribution as she worked in Hong Kong and financed most of the home construction. From an Islamic legal perspective, justice implies proportionality rather than mere equality, aligning with the concept of syirkah (partnership) and the principles of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, which emphasize the protection of property and women’s rights. This study contributes to the reinterpretation of Article 97 of the KHI to be more responsive to contemporary social realities and calls for progressive ijtihād among judges to realize substantive justice in the division of joint property.
References
Al-Barik, Haya Binti Mubarok. Ensiklopedi Wanita Muslimah. Jakarta: Darul Falah, 2012.
al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad. al-Mustashfa min ‘Ilm al-Ushul. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, t.th.
al-Khadimi, Nur al-Din Mukhtar. al-Ijtihad al-Maqashidi Hujjiyatuhu wa Dhawabituhu wa Majalatuhu. Qatar: Wazarah al-Awqaf wa asy-Syu‘un al-Islamiyyah, tt.
al-Qayyim, Ibn. I’lam al-Muwaqqi’in ‘an Rabb al-‘Alamin. Beirut: Dar al-Jayl, t.th.
al-Raysuni, Ahmad. Nazhariyyah al-Maqashid ‘Inda al-Imam al-Syathibi. Virginia: The International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1995,
al-Sya’rawi, Muhammad Mutawalli. Hak-Hak Perempuan Relasi Jender Menurut Tafsir Al-Syairawi. Jakarta: Mizan, 2004.
Anshari, Muhammad MK. Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia Masalah-Masalah Krusial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2010.
Anshori, Abdul Ghofur. Filsafat Hukum Kewarisan Islam. Yogyakarta: UII Press, 2005, h. 191.
Darussamin, Zikri. Penyelesaian Harta Bersama Pasca Perceraian Bagi Istri yang Bekerja Pada Masyarakat Melayu-Riau. Pekanbaru: LPPM UIN Suska Riau, 2016.
Darussamin, Zikri dan Armansyah. “Hak Harta Bersama bagi Istri yang Bekerja Perspektif Maqashid asy-Syari’ah.” Asy-Syir’ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum, Vol. 51, No. 2, 2017, h. 769–789.
Fitriyani, Nunung Nurwati dan Sahadi Humaedi. “Peran Ibu yang Bekerja dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar Anak.” Prosiding KS: Riset & PKM, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016, h. 52–58.
Giyoto. Konflik Peran Gender Ibu Rumah Tangga yang Bekerja di Pabrik Tekstil dengan Rolling Shift. Laporan Penelitian. Surakarta: IAIN Surakarta, 2019.
Harahap, Rois Hamid dan Alwi Padly Harahap. “Keseimbangan Peran Perempuan sebagai Ibu dan Pekerja: Tinjauan Komprehensif dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an dan Hadis.” Ibn Abbas: Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir, Vol. 7, No. 2, 2024, h. 133–150.
Hidayanti, Nor dan Yanti Wulandari. “Peran Perempuan dan Tantangannya.” Jurnal Gender, Vol. 10, No. 2, h. 15–29.
Ibrahim, Sulaiman. “Hukum Domestikasi dan Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Keluarga.” Al-Ulum: Jurnal Studi Islam, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2013, h. 88–105.
Instruksi Presiden Nomor 1 Tahun 1991 tentang Kompilasi Hukum Islam.
Jahar, J. Islamic Legal Reform in Indonesia. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Press, 2010.
Manan, Abdul. Aneka Masalah Hukum Perdata Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana, 2008.
Mulia, Siti Musdah. Muslimah Reformis: Perempuan Pembaru Keagamaan. Jakarta: Mizan, 2010.
Mulia, Siti Musdah. Muslimah Reformis: Perempuan Pembaru Keagamaan. Bandung: Mizan, 2005.
Nurlaelawati, Euis. Modernization, Tradition and Identity: The Kompilasi Hukum Islam and Legal Practices of the Indonesian Islamic Courts. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2010.
Pesik, Angelina, Jenny Barolej, & Rine Kaunang. “Pola Alokasi Waktu dan Kontribusi Pendapatan Perempuan Pedagang Sayuran di Pasar Pinasungkulan.” Agri-Sosioekonomi: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2016, h. 18–29.
Ramulyo, M. Idris. Hukum Perkawinan Islam. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2002.
Rahmawati dan Sunuwati. “Transformasi Wanita Karir Perspektif Gender dalam Hukum Islam.” An Nisa’, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2017, h. 67–81.
Risbiyantoro, Hendro, Fitri Mutiah Salsa Bela, dan Delpa Firdaus. “Peran Istri Sebagai Pencari Nafkah Utama Dalam Perspektif Maqashid Al-Syari’ah (Studi Kasus di Cinere Depok).” Sahaja: Journal Shariah and Humanities, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2023, h. 198–211.
Rizka, Mustafa Ahmad. Syarah al-Qawa’id al-Fiqhiyah. Damaskus: Dar al-Qalam, 1996.
Rofiq, Ahmad. Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2013.
Sabiq, Sayyid. Fiqh al-Sunnah. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1977.
Taufiq, M. Putusan Hakim dalam Sengketa Keluarga Muslim. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2020.
Wahyuni, Sri, Nikodemus, Niko, dan Marisa Elsera. “Self-Agency Perempuan Nelayan di Kampung Bulang Kota Tanjungpinang Kepulauan Riau.” BESTARI, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2022, h. 48–59.
Yasmirah. Hukum Keluarga Islam Kontemporer. Jakarta: Prenadamedia, 2011.
Zahrah, Muhammad Abu. Al-Ahwal Asy-Syakhshiyyah. Kairo: Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi, 1957.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Zulkifli Nasution, Dhiauddin Tanjung, Hasan Matsum
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
