WAKTU AFDHAL SALAT ISYA PERSPEKTIF FIQH (Kajian Atas Prinsip Al-Khurūj Min Al-Khilāf Al-Mustaḥabb)
WAKTU AFDAL PELAKSANAAN SALAT ISYA PERSPEKTIF FIQH : KAJIAN ATAS PRINSIP AL-KHURUJ MIN AL KHILAF AL-MUSTAHAB
Keywords:
Optimal Time, Isha Prayer, al-khuruj min al-Khilaf al-Mustahabb, FiqhAbstract
The determination of the Isha prayer time remains a subject of scholarly disagreement (ikhtilaf), particularly regarding its initial criterion: the disappearance of the red twilight (syafaq ahmar) or the white twilight (syafaq abyadh). This difference causes confusion among the public, exacerbated by variations in digital prayer schedules. This research analyzes the optimal time for the Isha prayer by applying the fiqh principle of al-khuruj min al-khilaf al-mustahab (departing from advisable scholarly disagreement) as an ethical solution. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method through library research, analyzing primary texts (the Qur'an, Hadith, books of the four madhhabs) and astronomical literature. The results map out how scholarly differences are influenced by textual interpretation, geography, and developments in astronomical science. Based on the al-khuruj min al-khilaf principle, it is concluded that the optimal time for the Isha prayer is the period between the disappearance of the white twilight (syafaq abyadh) and midnight. This choice is considered the safest, reflecting caution (ihtiyath), moderation, and respect for the diversity of madhhabs. In the Indonesian context, this recommendation aligns with the standard solar depression angle of -18°, thus providing legal certainty and promoting social harmony in worship.
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