THE ESSENCE OF AL-FART IN THE QUR'AN

Hakikat Al-Fart dalam Al-Qur'an

Abstract

This chapter aims to explore the essential meaning of the term al-Farṭ in the Qur’an through a thematic approach that integrates linguistic analysis. The research investigates the semantic depth and derivational forms of al-Farṭ, a term that appears in various verses and conveys multiple meanings depending on its context. The methodology used is qualitative-descriptive, relying on library research and textual analysis of Qur’anic verses alongside classical Arabic lexicons and tafsir sources. Linguistic tools such as semantic field theory and morphological analysis are employed to trace the root ف-ر-ط and its transformations. The findings of this study demonstrate that the term al-Farṭ in the Qur’an does not bear a single, fixed meaning. Rather, the root ف-ر-ط reveals a wide semantic range expressed through its various derivational forms. These forms encompass meanings such as negligence (tafrīṭ), haste or excess (ifrāṭ), transgression of proper limits, and even precedence or moving ahead in specific contexts. Semantic analysis further shows that these meanings are not isolated; they include subtle shifts, thematic synonymy, and conceptual contrasts that emerge across different Qur’anic usages. The chapter categorizes synonymous terms, examines subtle semantic shifts, and identifies conceptual contrasts within Qur’anic usage. This nuanced understanding helps explain the Qur’anic portrayal of al-Farṭ as both an individual spiritual lapse and a social moral warning. Ultimately, the study concludes that recognizing the varied uses of al-Farṭ contributes significantly to understanding the Qur’an's guidance on human responsibility, especially in the realms of ethical awareness and spiritual consciousness.