PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN PERDAGANGAN ORANG BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 21 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisady.v7i2.60978Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih terbatasnya studi mengenai efektivitas perlindungan hukum terhadap korban perdagangan orang, padahal fenomena ini memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap hak asasi manusia dan keamanan negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsep perlindungan hukum yang berhak didapat oleh korban perdagangan orang berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang, serta mengidentifikasi faktor yuridis dan non-yuridis yang menjadi kendala dalam penanganan perlindungan hukum tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan sampel berjumlah tidak spesifik karena merupakan studi pustaka yang menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan dan literatur hukum. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka (bibliography study) dan dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap korban perdagangan orang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007, yang mencakup pemidanaan bagi pelaku serta pemenuhan hak-hak korban seperti kerahasiaan identitas, restitusi, rehabilitasi kesehatan, rehabilitasi sosial, pemulangan, dan reintegrasi sosial. Temuan ini sejalan dengan tujuan penelitian dan memperkuat teori perlindungan korban, pencegahan, dan penegakan hukum. Simpulan utama penelitian ini adalah bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi korban perdagangan orang harus bersifat holistik dan komprehensif. Implikasi penelitian ini meliputi aspek teoretis, seperti pengayaan literatur tentang perlindungan hukum korban perdagangan orang, serta aspek praktis, misalnya rekomendasi bagi aparat penegak hukum untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan implementasi UU No. 21 Tahun 2007, serta bagi pemerintah untuk mengatasi faktor-faktor non-yuridis seperti kemiskinan dan rendahnya pendidikan. Penelitian ini juga membuka peluang studi lanjutan tentang efektivitas program rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi sosial bagi korban.
Kata Kunci: Hak Asasi Manusia, Korban, Perlindungan Hukum, Trafficking, Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007.
Abstract
This research is motivated by the limited studies on the effectiveness of legal protection for victims of human trafficking, even though this phenomenon has a significant impact on human rights and national security. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of legal protection that victims of human trafficking are entitled to based on Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking, and to identify the legal and non-legal factors that become obstacles in handling this legal protection. The method used is normative legal research, with a non-specific sample size because it is a literature study that examines laws and legal literature. Data were collected through a literature study (bibliography study) and analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. The results of the study indicate that legal protection for victims of human trafficking is regulated in Law Number 21 of 2007, which includes criminal penalties for perpetrators and the fulfillment of victims' rights such as identity confidentiality, restitution, health rehabilitation, social rehabilitation, repatriation, and social reintegration. These findings are in line with the research objectives and strengthen the theory of victim protection, prevention, and law enforcement. The main conclusion of this study is that legal protection for victims of human trafficking must be holistic and comprehensive. The implications of this research include theoretical aspects, such as enriching the literature on legal protection for victims of human trafficking, as well as practical aspects, such as recommendations for law enforcement officials to improve their understanding and implementation of Law No. 21 of 2007, and for the government to address non-legal factors such as poverty and low education. This research also opens up opportunities for further study on the effectiveness of rehabilitation and social reintegration programs for victims.
Keywords: Human Right, Victims, Legal Protection, Trafficking, Law No. 21 of 2007
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