The Influence of Critical Thinking, Logical Thinking, and Belief on Students' Mathematical Problem Solving Abilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/mapan.2025v13n2a10Keywords:
Belief, Critical Thinking, Logical Thinking, Problem Solving AbilityAbstract
Problem solving ability is an essential skill in mathematics education. Several abilities influence the ability to solve mathematical problems, including logical thinking, critical thinking, and belief. This study aims to describe the levels of logical thinking, critical thinking, belief, and problem-solving abilities in mathematics; analyze the effects of logical thinking and belief on critical thinking; and analyze the effects of critical thinking and belief on problem-solving ability. This quantitative survey involved 388 eighth-grade students in Yogyakarta, selected through purposive cluster random sampling. Data were analyzed using path analysis. The results showed that logical and critical thinking abilities were in the low category, while belief and problem-solving abilities were in the high category; logical thinking and belief influenced critical thinking with a contribution of 18.6%; and critical thinking and belief influenced problem-solving ability with a contribution of 41.5%. These findings suggest that critical thinking acts as a mediator between logical thinking, belief, and problem-solving ability. Future research should explore other cognitive and affective factors that may contribute to students’ mathematical reasoning and investigate instructional models that can strengthen logical and critical thinking in classroom contexts.
Abstrak
Kemampuan memecahkan masalah merupakan keterampilan yang penting dalam pembelajaran matematika. Beberapa aspek mempengaruhi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika, diantaranya kemampuan berpikir logis, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan belief. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: menggambarkan tingkat kemampuan berpikir logis, kemampuan berpikir kritis, keyakinan, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dalam matematika, menggambarkan pengaruh kemampuan berpikir logis dan keyakinan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan menggambarkan pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis dan keyakinan terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan desain penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 388 siswa kelas VIII di Yogyakarta yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive cluster random sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Tingkat kemampuan berpikir logis berada pada kategori kurang, kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kategori rendah, keyakinan peserta didik terhadap matematika dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada kategori tinggi; terdapat pengaruh antara kemampuan berpikir logis dan keyakinan peserta didik terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan persentase kontribusi 18,6%; terdapat pengaruh antara kemampuan berpikir kritis dan keyakinan peserta didik terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan kontribusi sebesar 41,5%. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa berpikir kritis berperan sebagai mediator antara berpikir logis, keyakinan, dan kemampuan memecahkan masalah. Penelitian selanjutnya harus mengeksplorasi faktor kognitif dan afektif lain yang mungkin berkontribusi pada penalaran matematika siswa dan menyelidiki model pembelajaran yang dapat memperkuat berpikir logis dan kritis dalam konteks kelas.
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